Nanomedicine will have extraordinary and far-reaching implications for the medical profession, for the definition of disease, for the diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions including aging, for our very personal relationships with our own bodies, and ultimately for the improvement and extension of natural human biological structure and function. This book will be published in three Volumes over the course of several years. The present Volume is the first in this series. Its intended audience is technical and professional people who are seriously interested in the future of medical technology -- particularly physical scientists, chemists, biochemists, and biomedical engineers engaged in basic research.